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本文以中国和美国的农产品贸易为例,通过对两国间农业行业的劳动生产率和工资率的比较分析,得出了中国农业的劳动生产率远远低于美国,并有逐年下降的趋势;在工资率方面中国虽然低于美国,但是两国的差距却在逐年缩小。最后,我们通过中国对美国对应年份的净出口额的检验,发现中国对于美国一直属于农业产品的净进口国。这个结论基本验证了大卫?李嘉图的比价优势理论。
This article takes the agricultural trade between China and the United States as an example. By comparing the labor productivity and the wage rate in the agricultural industry between China and the United States, it concludes that the labor productivity of China’s agriculture is far lower than that of the United States and declines year by year. Although the wage rate of China is lower than that of the United States, the gap between the two countries has shrunk every year. Finally, by examining China’s net exports of the corresponding years of the United States, we find that China is a net importer of agricultural products to the United States. This conclusion basically verifies David Ricardo’s Theory of Price Advantage.