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对1962—1967年期间坎顿岛地面风与海面水温的时间序列做了解释,以说明广大中央与东赤道太平洋地区温度的主要变化是由东风的强度更化以及上翻中的固有变化所引起。比较了1964年11与1965年11月的平均上升曲线,可以解释海洋温度变化对大气的反馈作用。在冷的海洋情况下(1664年),600与800毫巴之间有一肯定的稳定层,阻碍对流与降水,在暖的海洋情况下(1965年)从海洋提供的热量减弱了大气的稳定度並增强大雨的活动。从1964到1965年热带对流层顶的垂直热力膨胀可用200毫巴等高线图来表示,图上给出2个新生反气旋中心对称地出现在横跨赤道两边海洋最大加热的纬度上。虽然振幅减小,但还可以看到对流层加热区被对流层的高层风带往东面很远。热带大气的普遍变暖的边缘效应表现在与邻近的副热带之间的角动量交换的增加,从太平洋中部到地中海东部的副热带西风急流1965年比1964年加强。本文对上述海——气相互作用对年际气候变化的关系,以及由此得出的可能预报作了论述。本文还强调了气候预报要求海洋学家和气象学家进行广泛而协调的研究。
The time series of the surface winds and surface water temperatures on the island of Canton during 1962-1967 have been explained to show that the major changes in temperature in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific are caused by the intensification of the easterly wind and the inherent changes in the upwelling . Comparing the average rising curve between November 1964 and November 1965 can explain the feedback effect of ocean temperature change on the atmosphere. In the case of cold oceans (1664) there is a definite layer of stability between 600 and 800 mb to impede convection and precipitation, and the heat provided by the ocean in a warm ocean (1965) weakened the stability of the atmosphere And enhance heavy rain activities. From 1964 to 1965, the vertical thermal expansion of the tropopause can be represented by a 200 mbar contour map showing two nascent anticyclones symmetrically appearing on the latitude of maximum ocean heating across the equator. Although the amplitude decreases, one can also see that the tropopause heating zone is further east by the upper troposphere winds. The marginal effect of the general warming of the tropics is manifested by an increase in the exchange of angular momentum between the adjacent subtropics. The subtropical westerly jet stream from the central mid-Pacific to the eastern Mediterranean strengthened in 1965 compared with 1964. In this paper, the relationship between the above-mentioned sea-air interaction and interannual climatic change and the possible forecast from this are discussed. This article also highlights the need for extensive and coordinated research by oceanographers and meteorologists on climate forecasts.