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结核病是单一感染因素引起死亡人数最多的疾病。然而,在感染人群中仅1/10发病,提示个体差异可能与结核病易感性相关。目前已有多项研究表明,个体对结核病易感性的差异部分是由宿主基因决定的。对自然抗性相关巨噬细胞蛋白1(NRAMP1)基因、维生素 D 受体(VDR)基因、甘露糖结合蛋白(MBP)基因、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)基因、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)基因与结核病易感性的研究报道较多。现主要对嗜乳脂样蛋白2(BTNL2)基因、半胱氨酸蛋白酶募集域15(CARD15)基因、单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)基因、P2X7基因、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶非受体型22(PTPN22)基因、核休蛋白 SP110基因等几个新的易感基因的研究情况进行综述。
Tuberculosis is the single most infectious cause of deaths caused by the largest number of diseases. However, only one-tenth of those in the infected population suggest that individual differences may be linked to tuberculosis susceptibility. A number of studies have shown that differences in individual susceptibility to tuberculosis are determined in part by host genes. The expression of NRAMP1 gene, vitamin D receptor (VDR), mannose binding protein (MBP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) There are more reports about the susceptibility to tuberculosis. The main functions of BTNL2 gene, CARD15 gene, MCP-1 gene, P2X7 gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase Receptor type 22 (PTPN22) gene, nucleus pulposus SP110 gene and several new susceptibility genes are reviewed.