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为解决城市水源地突发污染事故引起的自来水厂断水问题,提出了以河床井水代替受污染河水作为应急水源的应急预案,在取水口附近的河床打一口水井,当城市水源地发生突发污染事故时,关闭取水头水阀,开启水井水阀,以河床井水作为应急水源,并通过模拟试验验证了其可行性。结果表明,在细沙体积分数为40%的土壤条件下,原水苯胺质量浓度分别为952 mg/L、781 mg/L、580 mg/L、452mg/L、352 mg/L、182 mg/L的试验中,出水苯胺质量浓度开始超标的时间随土壤渗透系数减小而延迟,与原水苯胺质量浓度无关。当土壤渗透系数为1.94×10~(-5)-3.64×10~(-5)cm//s时,出水苯胺质量浓度开始超标的时间为84~144 h,以河床井水作为应急水源可以避免由河水突发污染引起的84 h内的自来水厂断水事故。土壤对苯胺的吸附量仅占原水中苯胺含量的14.95%~2.86%,其对出水苯胺质量浓度开始超标的时间的影响可以忽略,出水苯胺开始出现的时间主要由土壤渗透系数决定。出水苯胺最大质量浓度随原水苯胺质量浓度增大呈线性增加,线性方程为y=0.4979x-3.7029,R~2=0.9775。研究表明,以河床井水作为应急水源,能够有效地降低城市因突发污染事故而引起的自来水厂断水的可能性。
In order to solve the problem of water shortage in waterworks caused by unexpected pollution in urban water sources, an emergency plan was proposed to replace the contaminated water with riverbed well water as an emergency water source. A well was made in the riverbed near the water intake, In the event of a pollution accident, the water intake valve was closed, the water valve was opened, and wellbed water was used as an emergency water source. The feasibility of the test was verified through simulation tests. The results showed that the concentration of aniline in raw water was 952 mg / L, 781 mg / L, 580 mg / L, 452 mg / L, 352 mg / L and 182 mg / L respectively under the condition of 40% Of the test, the effluent aniline mass concentration began to exceed the standard time with the soil permeability coefficient decreases, with the original water aniline concentration has nothing to do. When the soil permeability coefficient is 1.94 × 10 -5 -3.64 × 10 -5 cm / s, the time for the effluent aniline mass concentration to begin to exceed the standard is 84-144 h. Taking wellbed water as an emergency water source can be Avoid sudden water pollution within the water plant within 84 h caused by accidents. The aniline adsorption capacity of soil is only 14.95% -2.86% of the aniline content in raw water. The influence of aniline on the time when the concentration of aniline in water starts to exceed the limit is negligible. The onset time of aniline in the water is mainly determined by the soil permeability coefficient. The maximum mass concentration of aniline in water increased linearly with the increase of the mass concentration of aniline in the raw water. The linear equation was y = 0.4979x-3.7029, R ~ 2 = 0.9775. The research shows that using riverbed well water as an emergency source of water can effectively reduce the possibility of urban water supply caused by sudden pollution accidents.