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本文描述了一种温度计,它利用发光发射的分子传感器测量20K 以下低温温区的温度。借助光致激发,分子传感器将从两个具有光学上能够分辨的支能级受激自旋态上发出光来。由于迅速的自旋一点阵弛豫,则两个支能级处在热平衡状态下。因此,我们可把它当作一个双能级的辐射器,其相对发光强度按玻耳兹曼粒子数方程隋温度变化。文中还描述了一种装置,它使用光子计数法,可测量这两个能级的发光强度比。然后再用此比值算出传感器及其环境的温度。该装置采用远距离光导纤维传感读数。由于它监测的是两个发射带的强度比,所以,与激发源的起伏或者检测系统效率的起伏没有关系。这种温度测量技术是以确定系统的光子物理学及热力学性质为基础的,所用分子传感器无需单独进行校准,只需确定装置的响应曲线。
This article describes a thermometer that uses molecular emission sensors to measure the temperature in low temperature zones below 20K. With photo-excitation, the molecular sensor will emit light from two excited spin states with optically distinct branch levels. Due to the rapid spin-lattice relaxation, the two branch levels are in thermal equilibrium. Therefore, we can treat it as a two-level radiator, the relative luminous intensity according to Boltzmann particle number equation Sui temperature changes. Also described is a device that uses photon counting to measure the luminous intensity ratio of these two energy levels. Then use this ratio to calculate the temperature of the sensor and its environment. The device uses long-distance fiber optic sensing readings. Since it monitors the intensity ratio of the two emission bands, it has nothing to do with the fluctuation of the excitation source or the fluctuation of the detection system efficiency. This temperature measurement technique is based on determining the photophysical and thermodynamic properties of the system. The molecular sensors used do not need to be calibrated separately, but only the response curve of the device.