论文部分内容阅读
以初始体重为(3.70±0.01)g的半滑舌鳎(Cynolossus semilaevis Günter)幼鱼为实验对象,研究小麦胚芽油替代鱼油对其生长、体成分、血清生化指标及脂肪代谢酶的影响。以添加7.5%的鱼油组为对照组,用小麦胚芽油分别替代0、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%的鱼油配制成6组等氮等能饲料,在海水循环养殖系统中进行68 d的养殖实验。结果显示:饲料中小麦胚芽油替代鱼油对半滑舌鳎幼鱼存活率无显著影响;随着替代水平的升高,特定生长率和蛋白质效率降低,饲料系数升高。各组间脏体比、肝体比和肥满度均无显著性差异。肝脂肪含量随替代水平的升高而升高,而全鱼脂肪含量降低;80%和100%替代组全鱼水分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。随着饲料中小麦胚芽油水平的升高,鱼体组织中亚油酸和亚麻酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),EPA和DHA含量显著降低(P<0.05)。各组间血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶和溶菌酶活性均无显著性差异(P>0.05);80%和100%替代组甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);血清丙二醛含量呈降低趋势。随着替代水平的升高,肝脂蛋白酯酶、肝酯酶、总酯酶、脂肪酸合成酶以及肠道脂肪酶活性升高。研究表明,在本实验条件下,小麦胚芽油可替代60%的饲料鱼油而不影响半滑舌鳎幼鱼的生长;小麦胚芽油的添加,促进了鱼体脂肪代谢,抑制脂质过氧化作用,但显著改变了鱼体脂肪酸组成。
The effects of wheat germ oil instead of fish oil on the growth, body composition, serum biochemical parameters and lipase metabolism enzymes of juvenile Cynolosus semilaevis Günter with the initial body weight of (3.70 ± 0.01) g were studied. The fish fed with 7.5% fish oil as the control group, wheat germ oil instead of 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% In 68 days of breeding experiments. The results showed that the replacement of fish oil with wheat germ oil in feed had no significant effect on the survival rate of juvenile S.alginariae. With the increase of substitution level, the specific growth rate and protein efficiency decreased and the feed efficiency increased. There was no significant difference in the ratio of body to body, liver to body ratio and fatness among groups. Liver fat content increased with the replacement level increased, while the whole fish fat content decreased; 80% and 100% of the substitution group was significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05). The contents of linoleic acid and linolenic acid in fish tissues were significantly increased (P <0.05) and the content of EPA and DHA was significantly decreased with the increase of wheat germ oil in feed (P <0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme activities were not significantly different among the three groups (P> 0.05). The levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol in the 80% and 100% substitutive groups were significantly higher than those in the control group P <0.05). The serum malondialdehyde content showed a decreasing trend. As the level of substitution increased, hepatic lipoprotein lipase, hepatic esterase, total esterase, fatty acid synthetase, and intestinal lipase activity increased. The results showed that under the experimental conditions, wheat germ oil can replace 60% feed fish oil without affecting the growth of juvenile smooth muscle; The addition of wheat germ oil promoted the fat metabolism and inhibited lipid peroxidation, but significant Change the fish fatty acid composition.