过去500年来,每个世纪平均都有三次严重的流感大流行,最近的一次大流行是在2009年。尽管在公共卫生和疫苗生产技术上投入了很多资金,但是在这次大流行中流感疫苗的可获取量却远远不足。大流行爆发后6个月,有5.34亿剂量的疫苗可用,一年后,这个数目增长到13亿——分别只够全世界人口的8%和25%使用。我们是幸运的,因为2009年的流感大流行结果还算是比较轻微的,只需要注射一次疫苗就足以保护大多数人,而这并非严重的流感大流行中的通常情况。疫苗生产的局限性目前,几个因素限制了流行性疫苗的及时供应,但这些因素是根本性的。一个因素是季节性和流行 Over the past 500 years, there have been on average three serious influenza pandemics every century, the most recent being in 2009. Despite the substantial investment in public health and vaccine manufacturing technologies, the availability of influenza vaccines is far from adequate in this pandemic. Six months after the outbreak of the pandemic, 534 million doses of vaccine are available, and one year later that number has risen to 1.3 billion - just 8% and 25% of the world’s population, respectively. We are fortunate because the 2009 influenza pandemic was fairly modest and the injection of a single vaccine alone was enough to protect most people, not the usual case of a serious influenza pandemic. Limitations of vaccine production Currently, several factors limit the timely availability of epidemic vaccines, but these are fundamental. One factor is seasonal and popular