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一、智利的外债概况 60年代以前,智利外债不多。1960年外债总额只有6.2亿美元;1964～1970年间,外债总额增长了113％,达到27.6亿美元;1970～1973年,外债总额增长到39.05亿美元。这期间,外债虽然不断增加,但还没有成为阻碍经济发展的“问题”。1974年军人执政后的8年间,智利外债剧增,上升到172亿美元,增加了322.25％。其中1981年所借的中、长期贷款就有51亿美元之多,彼称为智利的“债务年”。据统计,1982年智利人均外债已达1523美元,成为拉美国家中人均外债最高的国家。
First, the profile of foreign debt in Chile Before the 1960s, Chile’s foreign debt is small. The total foreign debt in 1960 was only 620 million U.S. dollars. From 1964 to 1970, the total foreign debt rose 113 percent to 2.76 billion U.S. dollars. From 1970 to 1973, the total foreign debt rose to 3.905 billion U.S. dollars. During this period, although the foreign debt is constantly increasing, it has not yet become a “problem” that hinders economic development. In the eight years since the military came to power in 1974, Chilean foreign debt soared to 172.2 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 322.25%. Among them, there were as much as 5.1 billion U.S. dollars of long-term and medium-term loans borrowed in 1981, which he called Chile’s “year of debt.” According to statistics, the per capita foreign debt of Chile reached 1,523 U.S. dollars in 1982, making it the country with the highest per capita external debt among Latin American countries.