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目的:采用事件相关电位技术考察职业性别刻板印象激活效应。方法:使用语义联想启动范式,以代表“男性”或“女性”的单词为启动刺激,以职业性别刻板印象词为目标刺激,让被试判断启动词和目标词是否一致。结果:行为结果发现对比一致条件,不一致条件下被试的反应时更慢,正确率更低;对比男性启动条件,女性被试在女性启动条件下反应时更快,正确率更高。ERP结果发现,对比一致条件,不一致条件诱发了更大的N400波幅;对比男性启动条件,女性被试在女性启动条件下诱发了更大的P600波幅。结论:这些研究结果可能表明职业性别刻板激活效应是存在的,且支持语义匹配模型,而不是扩散激活模型;女性被试具有内群体偏见效应;职业性别刻板印象激活效应和内群体偏见效应都发生在知觉加工的晚期阶段。
Objective: To investigate the effect of occupational gender stereotypes using event-related potentials. Methods: Using the semantic associative start-up paradigm, the words “” or “woman ” are used as stimuli, and occupational gender stereotypes are used as stimuli to make the subjects judge whether they are the same as the target words. Results: Compared with the same conditions, the respondents responded slower and the correct rate was lower under the inconsistent conditions. Compared with the male start-up conditions, the female respondents responded faster and had higher correct rate under the condition of female start-up. ERP results showed that, compared with the same conditions, inconsistent conditions induced more amplitude of N400. Compared with male start-up conditions, female subjects induced larger amplitude of P600 under female start-up conditions. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may suggest that occupational gender stereotyped activation effects exist and support semantic matching models rather than diffusion-activated models; female subjects have internal group bias effects; occupational sex stereotyped activation effects and internal population bias effects occur In the later stage of perceptual processing.