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从“世界精神”的绝对理性出发,黑格尔树立起在历史过程中认识自身并实现自身的历史理性,从而使历史成为充满自我意识并具人类未来发展之自我启明性的精神成长史。然而,以现代大工业为基本建制的现代社会消解并割断了黑格尔精神哲学中历史意识的整体性与连续性,历史仍表现为人类与其真正利益相疏远的对立过程。易言之,在黑格尔称之为“历史狡计”隐秘处,马克思揭示出历史的真实就在于理性之下人的现实对抗,在现代社会,这就表现为在资本“物”的遮蔽下人与人之间现实关系的对抗。
Starting from the absolute rationality of “World Spirit ”, Hegel establishes the historical rationality of recognizing himself and realizing himself in the course of history, so that history becomes the spiritual growth history full of self-awareness and self-enlighteningness for the future development of mankind . However, the modern society, which is based on the modern big industry, dissolves and severs the integrity and continuity of the historical consciousness in Hegel’s philosophy of spirit. History still shows the process of antagonism between man and his real interests. In short, in what Hegel calls the Secret History of Cunning, Marx reveals that the truth of history lies in the confrontation of man under rationality. In modern society, this manifests itself in the confusion of capital, Confrontation between the reality of the relationship between people under the cover.