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[目的]探讨贵阳市社区老年人药物利用及药物不良反应(ADRs)的相关影响因素。[方法]采用多级整群抽样方法从贵阳市城区抽取3229名60岁以上老年人为调查对象,详细询问老年人一般资料、慢性病史、服药情况、药物不良反应情况等。采用SPSS10.0软件进行单因素分析和非条件Logistic回归分析。[结果]女性、慢性病、急性病及家庭人均收入≥500元者药物利用程度较高,其0R值(95%CI)分别为1.34(1.11～1.63)、15.44(12.74～18.70)、2.01(1.65～2.45)和1.48(1.22～1.80)。遵照医嘱或说明书服用药物者发生ADRs的危险性较小(0R=0.24,95%CI,0.11～0.52),而独居老人发生ADRs的危险性较高(0R=2.59,95%CI,1.41～4.76)。[结论]女性、疾病和收入状况是影响老年人对药物利用的重要因素,遵照医嘱或说明书服药是ADRs的保护性因素,而长期独居则可能是ADRs发生的危险因素。
[Objective] To explore the influencing factors of drug use and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the elderly in community of Guiyang. [Methods] A total of 3,229 elderly people over the age of 60 were selected from the urban area of Guiyang City as the investigation object by multilevel cluster sampling method, and asked in detail about the general information of the elderly, chronic medical history, medication taking and adverse drug reactions. SPSS10.0 software was used for univariate analysis and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. [Results] The rates of 0R (95% CI) were 1.34 (1.11-1.63), 15.44 (12.74-18.70), 2.01 (1.65 ~ 2.45) and 1.48 (1.22-1.80). ADRs were less likely to occur in patients prescribed medication or instruction (0R = 0.24, 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.52), while those living alone had a higher risk of developing ADRs (0R = 2.59, 95% CI, 1.41 to 4.76 ). [Conclusion] Women, illness and income status are the important factors that influence the utilization of drugs in the elderly. Taking them according to doctor ’s orders or manuals is a protective factor of ADRs. Living alone for a long time may be a risk factor for ADRs.