陈独秀每次在政治上遭受挫折以后,就埋头于学术,潜心著书立说。1937年10月,陈独秀在上海被国民党政府逮捕,拘押在江宁地方法院看守所。审判之后,他被监禁在南京南仓巷旁边的老虎桥模范监狱,后因抗战爆发,于1937年8月提前释放。5年的狱中生活,陈独秀没有虚度,他的主要精力用于研究文字学,留下许多极有价值的著述。其中的《小学识字教本》就是他耗时9年直到逝世时尚未完成的一部书稿。陈独秀为何要在身陷囹圄及贫病交加的困境之中,坚持撰写《小学识字教本》呢?这部未完成的著作产生的过程及其命运又是如何呢?这确是一段耐人寻味的历史。 Every time Chen Duxiu suffered a setback in politics, he concentrated on academic studies and devoted himself to publishing books. In October 1937, Chen Duxiu was arrested in Shanghai by the Kuomintang government and detained at the Jiangning District Court Detention Center. After the trial, he was imprisoned at Tiger Bridge Model Prison next to Nancangxiang in Nanjing and released early in August 1937 because of the outbreak of the war. Five years in jail life, Chen Duxiu did not have a foolishness. His main energy was used to study philology, leaving many extremely valuable writings. One of the “primary school literacy textbook” is his nine years until the death of an unfinished manuscript. Why does Chen Duxiu insist on composing “textbook for primary school education” in a dilemma of coziness and poverty and sickness? What is the process of the unfinished work and its fate? This is indeed an intriguing history.