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朱熹以“平常”、“不偏不倚”解释中庸。人们据此认为中庸就是折中调和,抱守常态。又有论者强调中庸是常人皆能实践的道德。对此,本文以文字训诂为依据,从思想史的角度重新阐释了中庸的含义:中、庸本为二德,中为中正之德,庸为恒常之德。孔子赋予中、庸以新的内涵,将二者相结合。其后的《中庸》,围绕“中”阐释了以仁为核心的儒家道德,又在“庸”的范畴下阐述了“诚”的思想。诚是道德修养的至高境界,慎独是致诚的途径。
Zhu Xi to “usual ”, “impartial ” to explain the doctrine. According to this, people think that the golden mean is compromise and the normal. Others have argued that the golden mean is the moral that everyone can practice. In this regard, based on the textual criticism, this essay reinterprets the meanings of the meanings from the perspective of the history of thought. The middle and the mean are the two virtues and the middle virtue is the common virtue. Confucius conferred on the new connotation of the mediocre and combined the two. The latter “Golden Mean” explained Confucian morality centered on benevolence around “Zhong”, and elaborated the idea of “honesty” under the category of “Yong”. Sincerity is the supreme standard of moral cultivation and prudence is the way to be sincere.