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奥尔巴赫通过重新阐释《旧约》、基督教文学的方式,梳理出在西方文学叙述中曾被古典主义压抑的现实主义文学传统。在这个意义上,摹仿不同于任何古典主义文学观的论述,它要求文学必须展现底层社会运动以及民众生存状况的真实面貌。由此形成了以社会等级划分为根据的古典主义的文体分用,与现实主义文学“文体混用”形成两种对立的文学传统,这更深刻地反映了构成西方文明本源的希伯来与希腊两种传统的对抗。奥尔巴赫实践了历史主义的研究方法,他对底层社会运动的关注,使得现实主义文学传统具备了反抗古典等级制、社会压迫的特征。本书也可以视作奥尔巴赫第二次世界大战流浪期间对于德国纳粹的反思。
By re-interpreting the “Old Testament” and Christian literature, Auerbach combed the realistic literary tradition that had been suppressed by classicism in the narration of Western literature. In this sense, imitation is different from any classical literary view, which requires that literature must demonstrate the true appearance of the underlying social movement and the living conditions of the people. The formation of the social class division based on the classic style of division, and realism literature “style and style ” to form two opposite literary traditions, which more profoundly reflects the origin of the Western civilization constitute the Hebrew Two traditional confrontations with Greece. Auerbach practiced the historicist research methods, and his concern for the underlying social movements made the realistic literary traditions possess the characteristics of resisting the classical hierarchy and social oppression. The book can also be viewed as a reflection of the German Nazis during Auerbach’s World War II wandering.