目的调查分析早产儿医院感染败血症的临床特点、病原菌分布及药敏情况。方法回顾性分析我院新生儿科2007年1月至2011年12月发生医院感染败血症的早产儿病例。结果研究期间共出院早产儿5660例,排除染色体异常和住院时间小于5天的病例,纳入分析5392例,发生医院感染败血症81例,发生率1.5%,共治愈60例,治愈率74.1%。发病时表现多种多样,最常见的实验室指标异常是C反应蛋白(CRP)升高。病原菌以革兰阴性菌最多见(57.6%),真菌占第二位(30.3%)。其中,革兰阴性杆菌以肺炎克雷伯菌为主,对大部分β内酰胺类抗生素耐药;革兰阳性菌以表皮葡萄球菌为主,大多对青霉素耐药,对万古霉素敏感;真菌感染均为念珠菌,对氟康唑、两性霉素B均敏感。结论早产儿医院感染败血症临床表现各异,CRP升高是较敏感的指标。致病菌主要为革兰阴性菌和真菌,革兰阴性菌对大部分β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药。 Objective To investigate the clinical features, pathogen distribution and drug susceptibility of sepsis in premature infants with hospital infection. Methods A retrospective analysis of neonatal pediatrics in our hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 hospital-acquired sepsis in premature children cases. Results During the study period, 5660 cases of preterm neonates were discharged, excluding chromosomal abnormalities and hospitalization time of less than 5 days. 5392 cases were analyzed and 81 cases of nosocomial sepsis occurred. The incidence rate was 1.5%. A total of 60 cases were cured and the cure rate was 74.1%. The onset of a variety of performance, the most common laboratory abnormalities is C-reactive protein (CRP) increased. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common pathogens (57.6%), fungi accounted for the second (30.3%). Among them, Gram-negative bacilli were mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae, most of which were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics; Gram-positive bacteria were mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis, mostly resistant to penicillin and susceptible to vancomycin; fungi Candida infections were both fluconazole, amphotericin B are sensitive. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of nosocomial sepsis in preterm infants are different, and elevated CRP is a more sensitive index. Pathogenic bacteria are mainly Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, Gram-negative bacteria resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics.