半个世纪以来,美国的贸易政策曾几度令保护主义者高度兴奋。基于对外交与经济的双重考虑,美国一直在国际贸易中推行所谓的自由贸易主义。这种自由贸易主义政策曾对战后世界经济的复苏和成长发挥了重要作用,然而自1976年以来,美国的国际贸易连年出现高达千亿美元的贸易逆差。至80年代末,美国亦从世界最大的债权国变成最大的债务国,这不能 For half a century, U.S. trade policies have, for the most part, given the utmost excitement to protectionists. Based on the double consideration of diplomacy and economy, the United States has been pushing for so-called free trade in international trade. This free trade policy played an important role in the recovery and growth of the post-war world economy. Since 1976, however, the U.S. trade deficit of up to hundreds of billions of U.S. dollars has emerged in successive years. By the late 1980s, the United States had also become the largest debtor country from the world’s largest creditor country, which can not