『太平記』与『平家物語』一同被称为日本军记文学之双峰,是日本军记文学中具有代表性的作品。其作品不仅在艺术方法上深受中国文学、特别是《史记》的影响,而且其强烈的批判精神也同《史记》同出一辙。本文通过该作品与中国古典小说及其《史记》之比较,试图从一个侧面揭示以《史记》为代表的中国典籍对于日本古典文学、特别是军记文学的发生及发展所产生的影响。 Taiping and The Legend of Pingyao are called the Twin Peaks of Japanese military literature and are the representative works of the Japanese military literature. His works are not only deeply influenced by Chinese literature in the artistic method, especially the “historical records”, but also their strong critical spirit is exactly the same as the “historical records.” Through the comparison between this work and the Chinese classical novels and their Records of the Historian, this article tries to reveal the influence of Chinese books represented by Records of the Historian on the occurrence and development of Japanese classical literature, especially the military literature.