直肠癌是我国常见恶性肿瘤之一。在我国直肠癌病例中约有3/4病变位于腹膜返折平面以下,亦即直肠指检可及的7cm范围内。低位直肠癌患者均面临癌肿根除和避免永久性结肠造口以提高生活质量两大问题。尤其后一问题越来越受到病员和外科医师的重视。面临多种保肛手术,如何正确选用已成为重要的外科课题。 Rectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China. About 3/4 of the cases of rectal cancer in our country are located below the peritoneal fold plane, which is within 7cm of the digital rectal examination. Patients with low rectal cancer are faced with two major problems: the eradication of cancer and the avoidance of permanent colostomy to improve the quality of life. In particular, the latter problem has become more and more important to patients and surgeons. Faced with multiple sphincter preservation procedures, proper selection has become an important surgical topic.