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对646份普通菜豆核心种质在贵州毕节进行了表型鉴定,结果表明,普通菜豆具有丰富的形态性状多样性。总变异数为367,平均遗传丰富度为8.34,变异范围2~31;遗传多样性指数为0.63,变异范围为0.02~0.91。通过多变量的主成分分析,前3个主成分的贡献率较大,分别为17.73%、15.35%和11.33%。依据表型鉴定数据信息,将供试种质聚类并划分为4组。Ⅰ组的遗传多样性较高,主要为直立有限的大粒资源,大多资源属于安第斯基因库;Ⅱ组的遗传多样性最低,为直立无限生长习性的小粒资源,属于中美基因库;Ⅲ组的遗传多样性最高,主要以蔓生无限为主,包括小部分直立无限和匍匐无限的资源;Ⅳ组的遗传多样性较低,为蔓生无限生长习性、株高最高、分枝数最少的资源。筛选到大粒、多荚、长荚、宽荚等具有特异性状的种质资源35份。
A total of 646 common bean core collections were identified in Bijie, Guizhou Province. The results showed that the common bean has rich morphological diversity. The total variation was 367, the average genetic richness was 8.34, the variation range was 2 ~ 31, the genetic diversity index was 0.63, and the variation range was 0.02 ~ 0.91. By multivariate principal component analysis, the contribution rates of the first three principal components are larger, which are 17.73%, 15.35% and 11.33% respectively. Based on phenotypic data, the tested germplasms were divided into four groups. The genetic diversity of group Ⅰ was high, mainly composed of large-sized upright and limited resources, most of which belonged to the Andean gene pool. The lowest genetic diversity of group Ⅱ was the small-sized resource of upright unlimited growth habit, which belonged to the Sino- The genetic diversity was the highest, with the most predominantly sprawling, including a small number of infinity and creeping resources. The lower genetic diversity of the group Ⅳ was a habit of unlimited growth, with the highest plant height and the lowest branch number. 35 germplasm resources with specific traits, such as large grain, multi-pod, long pod and broad pod, were screened.