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田间试验条件下,为了探究非抗虫转基因棉花对土壤细菌群落多样性的影响,应用PCR-DGGE技术对转RRM2基因高产棉、转GAFP基因抗病棉、转ACO2基因优质棉及非转基因常规棉(中棉所12)种植后在吐絮期的土壤细菌群落多样性进行分析。结果表明,与常规棉相比,3种转基因棉的种植均未对土壤细菌香农-威纳指数(H)、均匀度(EH)和丰富度(S)造成显著影响,且两类棉花土壤细菌群落结构相似性较高。可见,短期内,非抗虫转基因棉花的种植对土壤细菌群落多样性无显著影响。对DGGE的优势条带序列分析发现,同源性最高的微生物分别属于拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的黄杆菌纲(Flavobacteria)、噬弧菌属(Bacteriovorax)、Segetibacter,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的α-变形菌纲(alpha proteobacterium)、地杆菌属(Geobacter),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的Paenisporosarcina,酸杆菌门(Acidobacterias)的酸杆菌属(Acidobacterium),它们均为不可培养微生物。
In order to explore the impact of non-insect-resistant transgenic cotton on the bacterial community diversity in field experiments, PCR-DGGE was used to analyze the effects of transgenic cotton with high RRM2 gene, GAFP resistant cotton, ACO2 high quality cotton and non-transgenic conventional cotton (CIMC 12) after planting in the boll opening phase of bacterial community diversity analysis. The results showed that compared with conventional cotton, the three kinds of transgenic cotton did not significantly affect the Shannon-Wiener index (H), evenness (EH) and richness (S) of soil bacteria, Community structure similarity is high. Thus, in the short term, planting of non-insect-resistant transgenic cotton had no significant effect on the diversity of soil bacterial community. The analysis of the dominant bands of DGGE revealed that the most homologous microorganisms belonged to the genus Flavobacteria, Bacteriovorax, Segetibacter and Proteobacteria of Bacteroidetes, respectively - alpha proteobacterium, Geobacter, Paenisporosarcina of Firmicutes, and Acidobacterium of Acidobacterias, all of which are uncultured microorganisms.