在外科实践中,黄疸的分类至今仍沿用将其区分为溶血性、肝细胞性和梗阻性三类。后者又进而分为肝内和肝外梗阻性黄疸。由于处理方法的截然不同,将肝外梗阻性者也称为外科性黄疸(常常需行手术或用器械予以治疗),而将其余各类统称为内科性黄疸(一般仅行药物治疗)。如果对外科性黄疸未予及时手术处理,将导致严重后果。相反,对内科性黄疸误行手术,也会加重病情,甚至危及病人的生命。因此,梗阻性黄疸的鉴别诊断,对外科,特别是普外科医生,具有十分 In surgical practice, the classification of jaundice is still used to distinguish it into hemolytic, hepatocellular and obstructive three categories. The latter is further divided into intrahepatic and extrahepatic obstructive jaundice. Due to the very different treatment methods, extrahepatic obstruction is also referred to as surgical jaundice (often requiring surgery or instrumentation), while the remaining categories are collectively referred to as medical jaundice (generally medication only). If surgical jaundice without timely surgical treatment, will lead to serious consequences. On the contrary, surgical jaundice mistaken for surgery, will aggravate the condition, and even endanger the patient’s life. Therefore, the differential diagnosis of obstructive jaundice, surgery, especially general surgeons, with very