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目的探讨ＨＬＡ－ＤＲＢ１基因与类风湿关节炎（ＲＡ）相关性。方法采用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＰ方法对４７例广东汉族人ＲＡ患者进行ＨＬＡ－ＤＲＢ１基因分型，并与相应人群健康者１０２例结果比较。结果ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ４基因在ＲＡ组显著增高（３５．１％，ＲＲ＝３．５５，Ｐ＜０．００５，ＥＦ＝０．２５２），ＤＲ１６在ＲＡ组也高于正常（ＲＲ＝２．５７，Ｐ＜０．０５）；而ＤＲ９基因在ＲＡ组显著减少（Ｐ＜０．００５）。３１例ＤＲ４＋患者患病年龄较早，病情较重（类风湿因子阳性率和Ⅱ期ＲＡ骨关节Ｘ线改变者显著高于ＤＲ４－患者，Ｐ值分别＜０．０５和０．０２５）。结论广东汉族人ＲＡ易感性与宿主ＤＲ４基因密切相关，ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ４可能是一个对判断病情和预后有价值的实验指标。
Objective To investigate the relationship between HLA-DRB1 gene and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods HLA-DRB1 genotyping was performed in 47 RA patients of Guangdong Han ethnicity by PCR-SSP method and compared with the results of 102 healthy subjects. Results HLA-DR4 gene expression was significantly higher in RA group (RR = 3.55, P <0.005, P = 0.005, EF = 0.252) P <0.05), while DR9 gene was significantly decreased in RA group (P <0.005). The 31 patients with DR4 + had earlier onset and severe disease (the positive rates of rheumatoid factor and X-ray in bone and joint of stage II were significantly higher than those in DR4-patients, P <0.05 and 0.025, respectively). Conclusion The susceptibility to RA in Guangdong Han population is closely related to the DR4 gene in host. HLA-DR4 may be a valuable experimental indicator for judging the disease and prognosis.