化学实验方案的设计及对已有实验方案作出评价或进行适当的改进和创新是《考试说明》中“化学实验”内容之一,是高考化学实验试题中的高难题、压轴题。其原因是这种试题综合性更强,涉及的化学知识更多(元素及化合物知识、仪器的使用、试剂的使用、化学实验的原理和方法等);考查全面而深刻。学生只有具备了较高的化学学科素养才能答好此类题目。下面对这一专题知识进行全面总结。一、基础知识大扫描 The design of the chemical experiment scheme and the evaluation of the existing experimental scheme or the proper improvement and innovation are one of the contents of the “Chemical Experiment” in the “Test Description”, which is a high difficulty and a finale issue in the chemical experiment test of the college entrance examination. The reason is that such questions are more comprehensive and involve more chemical knowledge (knowledge of elements and compounds, the use of instruments, the use of reagents, the principles and methods of chemical experiments, etc.); comprehensive and profound examination. Students only have a higher quality of chemistry to answer such questions. Below a comprehensive summary of this topic knowledge. First, the basic knowledge of large-scale scanning