蒋廷黻是20世纪中叶曾与胡适齐名的史学家、政论家和外交家,他的史论史著中提出许多重要史学理念,如史学是科学、识世知彼、国际平等、开放通商、整体现代化等。蒋廷黻认为当时中国的近代史研究有以宣传代学术的不良风气,提出应严格区分两者才能达到科学的研究目的。他从挖掘中国自己的外交史料入手来丰富和完善西方建立起来的中国近代外交史体系,同时重视中国历史发展中的经济因素,结合两者得出了“中国近代史就是一部现代化史”、“中国近代史的根本问题是实现现代化”的结论。他在外交史研究中,重视中外外交观念的冲突,大胆地给一些所谓“卖国贼”翻案,这些做法都是由于他肯定“平等互利”、“国际通商”等价值倾向的结果。他在清华历史系的一系列改革也打上了他这种史学风格的烙印,力图使大学的历史教育科学化、国际化与现代化。 Jiang Tingtao was a historian, political commentator and diplomat who became known as Hu Shi in the mid-20th century. His history history treats many important historical concepts, such as science of history, knowledge of the world, equality, open trade, overall modernization, etc. . Jiang Ting-tao believed that the study of modern history in China was based on the bad atmosphere of propagating and substituting for scholarship, and proposed that the two should be strictly distinguished to achieve the purpose of scientific research. Starting from excavating China’s own diplomatic historical materials, he enriched and perfected the system of Chinese modern diplomacy established by the West while attaching importance to the economic factors in the development of China’s history and concluded that “modern history of China is a modern history ”,“ The fundamental problem of modern Chinese history is the realization of modernization. ” In the study of diplomatic history, he emphasized the conflict between Chinese and foreign diplomatic conceptions and boldly turned over some so-called “traitors”, all of which are due to his affirmation of the value tendencies of “equality and mutual benefit” and “international trade” result. His series of reforms in the Department of History of Tsinghua University also imprinted him with this historical style, trying hard to make the history education in the university scientific, international and modern.