论文部分内容阅读
本文主要论述南水北调东线工程山东“一线两湖”(梁济运河沿线、南四湖及东平湖)区域土壤盐渍地球化学特性,为区域水盐状况的评价及水盐管理提供科学依据。研究表明:梁山及嘉祥监测区为表土积盐,而金乡监测区为底土积盐。3年来,梁山区的积盐率>金乡区>嘉祥区,金乡区的绝对含盐量增加最多。目前,区域土壤盐分处于轻度盐化阶段,威胁作物正常生长的土壤面积已占50%。经研究统计得出:区域土壤盐分离子组成中,HCO_3,Cl~-,SO_4~(2-)相对百分比例为37:25:38;而 Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),Na~++K~+比例为13:8:79。因此,从离子组合规律分析,认为中性钠盐为主,也有一定量的碱性钠盐存在,钠离子含量高这是本区土壤盐渍地球化学的重要特点。据统计,本区盐分组成类型以 HCO_3·SO_4(Cl)～Na·Ca 为主,盐渍类型以氯化物硫酸盐和硫酸盐氯化物为主。据统计,全区3年多点土壤 pH 值平均为8.4,1987年平均值>1988年>1989年。水化学研究表明:1987～1989 3年全区矿化度逐年递增,递增率为72%,从淡水阶段已发展到低矿化阶段,梁山区递增率为138.5%,嘉祥区仅为23.8%。
This paper mainly discusses the salinization geochemistry of the soil of the “First Line and Two Lakes” (along the Liangji Canal, Nansi Lake and Dongping Lake) in the Eastern Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project and provides scientific basis for the assessment of water and salinity conditions and water and salt management in the region. The results show that the monitoring area of Liangshan and Jiaxiang is surface area salt accumulation, while the monitoring area of Jinxiang area is the base soil salt accumulation. 3 years, Liangshan District, the rate of salt accumulation> Jinxiang> Jiaxiang District, Jinxiang absolute increase in the maximum salt content. At present, the soil salinity in the region is in the stage of mild salinization, and the soil area that threatens the normal growth of crops accounts for 50%. According to the research statistics, the relative percentages of HCO3, Cl ~ - and SO4 ~ (2-) in the soil salt ion composition are 37:25:38; while the contents of Ca2 +, Mg2 + Na ~ ++ K ~ + ratio of 13: 8: 79. Therefore, from the analysis of ion combination law, it is considered that neutral sodium salt is the main one, and a certain amount of basic sodium salt exists and the sodium ion content is high. This is an important characteristic of salinization geochemistry in this area. According to statistics, the types of salt composition in this area are mainly HCO_3 · SO_4 (Cl) ~ Na · Ca, and the types of salinization are chloride sulphate and sulphate chloride. According to statistics, the average soil pH value of more than three years in the whole area is 8.4, the average value of 1987> 1988> 1989. Hydrochemical studies show that the mineralization degree of the whole region has been increasing year by year from 1987 to 1989, with an increasing rate of 72%. From the freshwater stage to the low mineralization stage, the incremental rate of Yangshan was 138.5% and that of Jiaxiang was only 23.8%.