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研究了不同地区(117.6o ~105.7o E,44.6o ~38.8o N)分布的小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla Lam.)、中间锦鸡儿(Caragana davazamcii Sancz.)和柠条锦鸡儿(C.korshinskii Kom.)种群的光合特性和水分代谢特性。结果发现:(1)由东向西小叶锦鸡儿、中间锦鸡儿和柠条锦鸡儿净光合速率对光合有效辐射的响应增强;净光合速率达到最大值时所对应的空气湿度依次下降;净光合速率达到最大值时所对应的气温依次增加。光合日进程午前优势逐渐升高,光合速率逐渐升高,光能利用率逐渐升高,蒸腾速率逐渐降低,水分利用效率显著升高,叶含水量逐渐降低,植株逐渐采取低蒸腾、高光合的节水对策。这些生理变化与它们分布区的光、温、湿条件相适应。这是小叶锦鸡儿、中间锦鸡儿和柠条锦鸡儿发生地理替代分布的生物学基础。(2)小叶锦鸡儿、中间锦鸡儿和柠条锦鸡儿光合系统对光合有效辐射、空气湿度和气温的适应都表现出连续性,而且这种连续性与环境的梯度变化相一致。不同种、不同地点光合日进程、日净同化积累值、蒸腾日进程、日蒸腾积累值、水分利用效率以及叶含水量日变化也随经度自东向西呈连续变化。光合特性和水分代谢特性表明小叶锦鸡儿、中间锦鸡儿和柠条锦鸡儿的地理替代分布是连续过渡的,是一个连续地理渐变群。
The effects of Caragana microphylla Lam., Caragana davazamcii Sancz. And C.korshinskii Kom in different regions (117.6o ~ 105.7o E, 44.6o ~ 38.8o N) .) Population photosynthetic characteristics and water metabolism characteristics. The results showed that: (1) The net photosynthetic rate response of Caragana microphylla, Caragana korshinskii and Caragana korshinskii increased to photosynthetically active radiation; the air humidity corresponding to the maximum photosynthetic rate decreased in turn; When the rate reaches the maximum, the corresponding temperature increases. The photosynthetic diurnal course gradually increased in early afternoon, the photosynthetic rate gradually increased, the light energy utilization rate gradually increased, the transpiration rate decreased gradually, the water use efficiency increased significantly, and the leaf water content gradually decreased. The plant gradually took the low transpiration and the high photosynthesis Water saving measures. These physiological changes and their distribution of light, temperature and humidity conditions. This is the biological basis of geographic alternative distribution of Caragana microphylla, Caragana korshinskii and Caragana korshinskii. (2) The photosynthetic system of Caragana microphylla, Caragana korshinskii and Caragana korshinskii showed continuity to photosynthetic active radiation, air humidity and air temperature, and this continuity was consistent with the change of environmental gradient. Photosynthetic diurnal variation, accumulated daily net assimilation values, daily transpiration days, accumulated daily transpiration values, water use efficiency, and leaf water content of different species and locations also varied continuously from east to west with longitude. Photosynthetic characteristics and water metabolism showed that Caragana microphylla, Caragana korshinskii and Caragana korshinskii geographical distribution of substitution is a continuous transition, is a continuous geographical gradient group.