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渣油加氢技术就是当催化剂、高压与高温共存时,使氢气与渣油产生催化反应,其间渣油分子里的金属、氮、硫等杂质会分别与硫化氢、氢产生反应,从而生成金属硫化物、氨、硫化氢。而在渣油中的较大分子则会裂解,同时加氢,生成理想的小分子组分,并在催化剂上生成金属硫化物。其中可回收利用的是氨与硫化氢,从而减少在大气中的排放。而渣油经加氢处理后,其质量也将改善,能够直接用于裂化、催化工艺,并能转化成为柴油、汽油等资源。本文通过对某2.5Mt/a规模的渣油加氢装置的概况与原节能设计的分析,进而提出新的节能优化设计方案。
Residue hydrogenation technology is when the catalyst, high pressure and high temperature co-exist, so that hydrogen and residual oil catalytic reaction, during which residual oil molecules of metal, nitrogen, sulfur and other impurities will be respectively hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen to produce metal Sulfide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide. Larger molecules in the residuum then crack, hydrogenate at the same time, generate the ideal small molecule components, and generate metal sulfides on the catalyst. Among them, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are recyclable, thereby reducing emissions in the atmosphere. The residue after hydrotreating, its quality will also be improved, can be used directly in the cracking, catalytic process, and can be converted into diesel, gasoline and other resources. In this paper, a 2.5Mt / a scale residue hydrogenation unit overview and the original energy-saving design analysis, and then put forward a new energy-saving optimization design.