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通过对普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦和普通小麦品种间两组亲本微卫星分子标记遗传距离及 30个普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦种间双列杂交杂种和 2 0个普通小麦品种间双列杂交杂种优势及亲本配合力的测定 ,研究了微卫星分子标记遗传距离与杂种优势、F1性状值及组合特殊配合力之间的关系。结果表明 ,普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦种间的杂种优势明显高于普通小麦品种间的杂种优势。普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦间的平均遗传距离为 0 .6 5 2 ,普通小麦品种间的遗传距离为 0 .4 0 4 ,普通小麦与斯卑尔脱小麦种间杂种单株产量平均优势为 111.39% ,普通小麦品种间杂种的产量优势平均为 11.14 %。研究发现 ,在所采用的两组亲本内 ,遗传距离与所考察的各性状杂种优势没有必然的联系 ,但当遗传差异从品种间扩大到种间时 ,遗传距离与各性状杂种优势呈显著正相关。说明利用种间杂交既可以明显扩大亲本间的遗传差异 ,又可以显著提高小麦的杂种优势潜力。
Based on the genetic distance of microsatellite markers between two groups of common wheat and Spelled and common wheat cultivars, the intersubspecific distances between 30 common wheat and Spelled wheat intersubspecies and 20 common wheat cultivars The hybrid heterosis and the combining ability of parents were studied to study the relationship between genetic distance and heterosis, F1 trait value and combination combining ability of microsatellite markers. The results showed that the heterosis between common wheat and Spelled wheat was significantly higher than that of common wheat. The average genetic distance between common wheat and Spelled’s wheat was 0.662, the genetic distance between common wheat varieties was 0.404, and the average yield per plant of interspecific hybrid between common wheat and Spelled’s wheat was higher Was 111.39%. The average yield advantage of hybrids between common wheat varieties was 11.14%. The results showed that the genetic distances were not necessarily related to the heterosis of the traits studied in the two groups of parents. However, when the genetic differences expanded from species to species, the genetic distance was significantly positive with the heterosis Related. It shows that the use of interspecific hybridization can significantly expand the genetic differences between parents, but also can significantly improve the potential of wheat heterosis.