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由于机车轮对在修理时必须退轮,因此轮毂孔的表面往往会出现深达几毫米的擦伤和损坏。为了修复受伤的轮对,先要车削轮毂孔,然后进行电弧堆焊。苏联交通部所属修理厂每年堆焊修复1000～12000个内燃机车、电力机车和电动车组的车轮。堆焊是从轮毂端部开始向其全长(图1,a)或从中部开始向其两端(图1,6)按螺旋线进行的。由于目前没有关于这两种堆焊方法的优点和缺点的直接资料,因此,对两种堆焊方式下的堆焊金属的组织和硬度进行了比较试
Since the wheel pair must be unrolled during repair, the surface of the hub hole tends to scratch and damage to a depth of a few millimeters. In order to repair the injured wheelset, it is necessary to cut the wheel hub holes first and then perform arc welding. The repair shop owned by the Ministry of Transport of the Soviet Union repairs the wheels of 1000 ~ 12000 diesel locomotives, electric locomotives and electric car trains every year. Surfacing starts from the hub end to its full length (Figure 1, a) or from the middle to both ends (Figure 1, 6). Since there is no direct data on the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods of surfacing, there are comparative tests on the microstructure and hardness of the deposited metal under both surfacing methods