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在法治国的语境下,宪法和刑法的关系于刑法而言具有基础性的意义,但其双向关系并非简单地表现为一方的规范进入对方的立法范围。宪法与刑法的关系对刑法合宪性的建构至关重要,但过去刑法契约化、民权刑法论、民主或者共和刑法论的看法,对于秩序与自由、国家权力与公民权利的认识,还有不太适当的地方。在坚持人的尊严不可克减的情况下,以秩序价值为优先,符合包括刑法在内的法律的本性,但这并非绝对化,自发秩序相比于属于人为秩序的法律秩序,更有主导性的作用,也使刑法谦抑性更具宪法精神的特点。从实现机制上看,刑法立法中应设置刑法合宪性审查的程序,刑法适用中应强调刑法合宪性解释的至高位阶。
In the context of rule of law, the relationship between the constitution and the criminal law is of fundamental importance to the criminal law. However, the two-way relationship does not simply represent the law of one party entering the other’s legislation. The relationship between the constitution and the criminal law is of crucial importance to the construction of the constitutionality of the criminal law. However, in the past, the contractualization of the criminal law, the civil rights criminal law theory, the democratic or Republican criminal law theory, the understanding of order and freedom, state power and civil rights, and Too suitable place. In insisting that human dignity can not be derogated, priority should be given to the value of order and conform to the nature of law, including criminal law, but this is not absolute. A spontaneous order is more dominant than a legal order belonging to man-made order The role of restraint of the criminal law, but also more constitutional features. From the perspective of the realization mechanism, the criminal law legislation should set the procedure of the constitutional review of criminal law. The application of criminal law should emphasize the highest order of the constitutional interpretation of criminal law.