一、引言计算桩基础的承载力时,通常假定建筑物的全部荷载只依靠桩传递给地基,而基础板(地下室底板)或地下室基脚仅起到构造作用,也就是将各个桩顶连在一起,把建筑物的荷载传递给桩。这种假定适合干下列地质条件,即地基上层是软弱土,如淤泥、泥炭、可塑状态或流动状态下的粘性土等,主要是通过桩将荷载传递至持力层。 I. INTRODUCTION When calculating the bearing capacity of a pile foundation, it is generally assumed that all the loads of the building are transmitted to the foundation only by piles, while the base plate (basement floor) or the basement footing of the basement only plays a structural role, that is, the individual pile tops are connected. Together, the load of the building is transmitted to the pile. This assumption is suitable for the following geological conditions, namely that the upper layer of the foundation is soft soil, such as silt, peat, plastic state or cohesive soil in flowing state, etc., and the load is transmitted to the bearing layer mainly through piles.