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目的探讨幼女外阴阴道炎的诱发因素、临床特点及防治策略。方法分析2014年6-8月收治的60例幼女外阴阴道炎患者的临床资料。结果 60例患者中非特异性外阴阴道炎34例(56.6%),细菌性外阴阴道炎10例(16.7%),霉菌性外阴阴道炎8例(13.3%),支原体感染4例(6.7%),衣原体感染2例(3.3%),滴虫性外阴阴道炎1例(1.7%),淋球菌性外阴阴道炎1例(1.7%)。其中伴泌尿系感染10例(16.7%),伴外阴粘连6例(10.0%),伴阴道异物1例(1.7%),伴蛲虫病2例(3.3%)。不同年龄段幼女外阴阴道炎的临床类型发生相同(P>0.05)。幼女外阴阴道炎发病诱因较多,本组60例患儿中45例(75.0%)由不良的卫生习惯引起,9例(15.0%)由不洁的公共卫生环境所致。不良卫生习惯是1~3岁患儿主要发病诱因,与4~6岁和7~9岁患儿相比差异有显著性(P﹤0.05)。结论幼女外阴阴道炎的主要发病诱因是不良的个人卫生习惯和不洁的公共卫生环境,培养家长、保育人员及幼儿良好的卫生习惯,加强幼儿公共卫生环境管理是有效预防幼女外阴阴道炎的策略。
Objective To investigate the predisposing factors, clinical features and control strategies of vulvovaginitis in young girls. Methods Clinical data of 60 young vulvar and vaginitis patients admitted from June to August in 2014 were analyzed. Results Sixty patients were non-specific vulvovaginitis in 34 patients (56.6%), bacterial vulvovaginitis in 10 patients (16.7%), fungal vulvovaginitis in 8 patients (13.3%), mycoplasma infection in 4 patients (6.7% Chlamydial infection in 2 cases (3.3%), trichomonas vaginitis in 1 case (1.7%), gonococcal vaginitis in 1 case (1.7%). Including urinary tract infection in 10 cases (16.7%), with vulvar adhesion in 6 cases (10.0%), with vaginal foreign body in 1 case (1.7%), with enterobiasis in 2 cases (3.3%). The same type of vulvar vaginitis occurred in different age groups (P> 0.05). There are more predisposing factors for vulvar vaginitis in young girls, 45 (75.0%) of 60 children in this group were caused by bad hygiene habits, and 9 (15.0%) were caused by unclean public health environment. Adverse hygienic practice was the main cause of illness in children aged 1-3 years, which was significantly different from that of children aged 4-6 years and 7-9 years (P <0.05). Conclusions The main causes of vulvar vaginitis in young girls are poor personal hygiene habits and unclean public health environment. Good hygiene habits are developed for parents, childcare workers and young children. Strengthening the management of public health of young children is an effective strategy to prevent genital vaginitis in young girls. .