和平协商土地改革政策是党的土地改革政策和民族政策相结合的产物,具有重要的理论创新意义。本文从和平协商土地改革前云南少数民族地区的社会经济状况入手,介绍了当时彝、哈尼、傣、傈僳、拉祜、阿昌、普米、佤等民族地区的经济状况和社会形态,分析土地改革前云南边疆少数民族地区社会经济发展的多样性和极端的不平衡,论述了中国共产党关于民族地区土地改革政策的形成背景。 Peaceful negotiation Land reform policy is the result of the combination of the party’s land reform policy and ethnic policy, which has important theoretical and innovative meanings. This article starts with the socioeconomic status of ethnic minority areas in Yunnan before the peaceful negotiation of land reform and introduces the economic conditions and social patterns of Yi, Hani, Dai, Zhayi, Lahu, Achang, Pumi, Wa and other ethnic areas at that time. The diversity and extreme imbalances in the social and economic development in border areas inhabited by ethnic minorities have dealt with the forming background of the CPC’s policy on land reform in ethnic areas.