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6浅淡柴油机的润滑 6.1润滑的功用柴油机工作时,很多零件之间作相对运动,有些零件甚至作高速相对运动,如活塞环与气缸壁、主轴承与主轴颈等。任何零件的表面,不论加工的表面光洁度有多高,如果用高倍的放大镜放大来看,零件表面总是或多或少地存在凹凸不平的形状(图1)。当两个相互接触的零件作相对运动时,它们之间的凹凸部分就会相互碰撞、挤压、磨削和咬合,这种现象称为摩擦。零件间的相互摩擦给发动机带来了以下不良后果: a.零件运动时要克服摩擦力,这就必然要消耗掉发动机的部分功率,因而降低了输出的有效功率; b.零件表面的凸出部分因磨削而与本体分离,
6 Talking about the lubrication of diesel engine 6.1 The function of lubrication Diesel engine work, many parts for relative motion, and some parts even for high-speed relative motion, such as piston rings and cylinder walls, the main bearing and the main journal. The surface of any part, no matter how high the machined surface finish, appears to be more or less rugged if viewed with a magnifying magnifying glass (Figure 1). When the two parts in contact with each other relative movement, the bump between them will collide with each other, squeezing, grinding and bite, a phenomenon called friction. Part friction between the engine to bring the following adverse consequences: a. Parts to overcome the friction during exercise, which inevitably consume some of the power of the engine, thus reducing the effective output power; b. Parts of the surface of the bulge Part of the separation due to grinding and body,