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通过田间试验和室内分析,研究了施用不同有机物料对渭北旱塬耕地土壤化学性质和酶活性的影响,选取有机质等10个能够反映土壤肥力质量特性的定量因子作为评价指标,采用因子分析对土壤肥力质量进行综合评分,然后用欧氏距离最短距离法对其进行聚类,最后利用作物产量结果进行验证.结果表明:通过土壤有机培肥,土壤肥力质量和作物产量均有显著提高,与单施化肥相比,施加秸秆堆肥和厩肥处理的小麦产量分别提高了20.43%和22.38%;对土壤肥力综合进行评价,秸秆堆肥配施化肥的土壤肥力质量最高,综合得分达56.53,厩肥配施化肥较高,高量秸秆配施化肥次之.可见,通过秸秆堆肥或厩肥配施化肥进行培肥土壤,能显著提高土壤肥力水平,从而提高作物产量;利用有机质等10项土壤肥力特性因子,采用因子分析对土壤肥力质量进行综合评价,能够准确反映土壤肥力水平,预测土壤生产力状况.
The effects of applying different organic materials on soil chemical properties and enzyme activities in Weibei dryland were studied through field experiments and in-house analysis. Ten quantitative factors that could reflect the quality characteristics of soil fertility were selected as the evaluation indexes. Soil fertility quality was scored and clustered by the method of the shortest distance of Euclidean distance.Finally, the results of crop yield were used to verify the results.The results showed that soil organic fertilization, soil fertility and crop yield all increased significantly, The yield of wheat increased by 20.43% and 22.38% compared with the single application of fertilizer and straw manure respectively. The comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility showed that the soil fertility with straw compost and chemical fertilizers had the highest soil fertility and the comprehensive score was 56.53. Higher fertilizers and higher amount of straw followed by fertilizers can be seen.To fertilize the soil through straw compost or manure combined with chemical fertilizers can significantly improve the soil fertility level and thus increase the crop yield. Utilizing 10 soil fertility characteristics factors such as organic matter, The comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility quality using factor analysis can accurately reflect the level of soil fertility, Measuring soil productivity status.