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英美刑法学认为自觉行为才能构成犯罪。根据英美刑法学,行为的构成要素分为两个,即主观上的自觉性和客观表现形式。关于主观上的自觉性,在英美刑法学种存在着因果行为论、目的行为论、控制能力说和意识行为说等观点;关于客观表现形式,英美刑法学一般认为可分为作为、不作为、事实状态和持有四种形式。本文认为,在关于行为自觉性的几种观点中,意识行为说解释作为犯罪构成客观要件的行为的主观内容是比较合理的,在行为的客观表现形式中,只有作为和不作为才是行为的客观表现形式,事实状态是英国的不科学的刑事立法所致,不能认为是行为的客观表现形式,而持有则应纳入作为之中。
Anglo-American criminal law believes that conscious behavior can constitute a crime. According to Anglo-American criminal law, the constituent elements of behavior are divided into two parts: subjective consciousness and objective expression. Concerning the subjective consciousness, there are such views as causal behavior theory, purposive behavior theory, control ability theory and consciousness behavior in Anglo-American criminal law. Concerning objective forms of expression, Anglo-American criminal law is generally considered to be divided into acts, omissions, Facts and holds four forms. This paper argues that among several opinions on behavioral self-consciousness, the conscious act says that it is reasonable to explain the subjective content of act as an objective element of crime, and only act and omission act in the objective manifestation of the act The objective form of expression and the factual state are caused by the unscientific criminal legislation of the United Kingdom. They can not be regarded as objective forms of behavior, while holding should be taken into account.