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海商由财东、出洋人和行商构成。财东投资于造船、置货,往往不出洋。船长、客商和水手自然是追波逐浪的芸芸众生。洋行商人通常留在港口,充当坐贾和征税人。本文要探讨海商的构成、相互关系及其特点,以反映清代海外贸易的一个重要方面。一、海商的构成及相互关系投资于海外贸易的财东,事实上在各地的称呼都不同。在福建厦门,造船、置货称为
The sea merchant is made up of wealthy people, foreigners and traders. Choi Dong invest in shipbuilding, stocking, often not out of the ocean. The captain, merchants and sailors are naturally chasing waves of all living beings. Merchants from Western firms usually stay in ports and act as collectors and tax collectors. This article explores the composition, interrelationships and characteristics of the merchants in order to reflect an important aspect of overseas trade in the Qing Dynasty. First, the composition and mutual relations of the sea Investors who invest in overseas trade, in fact, all over the address are different. In Xiamen, Fujian, shipbuilding, cargo called