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一个时期学术发展的大致情况,总是比较集中地反映在记录这一时期著述的目录著作中。我国唐代以前的目录著作除佛教目录外,仅存《汉书·艺文志》和《隋书·经籍志》。这两部书的各部类都有大、小序讲述学术流别,其设类的同异也明显地反映了学术流变的情况,是考察先唐学术本末的两把钥匙。《汉志》总括群书为“六艺、诸子、诗赋、兵书、数术、方技”六大类,《隋志》演变为“经、史、子、集”四大类,变化不可谓不大。下面试以《隋志》的分类为支点,探讨唐以前学术发展的大致情况。
The general situation of academic development in a period of time is always more concentrated in the cataloging of works written in this period. In addition to the catalogs of Buddhism in our country before the Tang Dynasty, there were only “Han Yi Yi Wen Zhi” and “Sui Shu · Ji Zhi Zhi”. Each of these two books has a large and a small preface about academic fashions. The similarities and differences between its categories also clearly reflect the conditions of academic rhetoric, and are the two keys to examine the academic essence of the early Tang dynasty. “Han Zhi” group book as the six categories of “six arts, philosophers, poems and Fu Shu, Shu Shu, number of operations, technical skills”, “Sui Zhi” evolved into “classics, history, sub, set” Can be described as not big. The following test to “Sui Zhi” classification as a fulcrum, to explore the general situation before the Tang academic development.