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目的回顾性分析创伤患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素。方法应用超声二维及彩色多普勒血流成像检查632例创伤患者血栓发生情况,运用x~2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析下肢深静脉血栓形成可能的危险因素。结果超声检查发现DVT阳性患者153例(24.2%),DVT阴性患者479例(75.8%)。经)x~2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析发现,创伤后血栓形成的高危因素为高龄(OR=4.099,95%CI 1.576~10.663,P<0.05)、体内恶性肿瘤(OR=2.475,95%CI 1.077~5.689,P<0.05)、静脉血栓史(OR=2.087,95%CI 1.008~4.320,P<0.05)、吸烟(OR=2.041,95%CI 1.011~8.963,P<0.05)、发热(OR=1.351,95%CI 1.012~4.642,P<0.05),而少量饮酒(OR=0.471,95%CI 0.242~0.941,P<0.05)不会增加DVT的发病风险。结论高龄、体内恶性肿瘤、静脉血栓史、发热均是深静脉血栓的危险因素,针对不同危险因素,应加强对创伤患者的临床监护,以减少深静脉血栓的形成。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the risk factors of deep vein thrombosis in traumatic patients. Methods The incidence of thrombosis in 632 traumatic patients was examined by two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging. The possible risk factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities were analyzed by x2 test and multivariate Logistic regression. Results Ultrasonography revealed 153 DVT-positive patients (24.2%) and 479 DVV-negative patients (75.8%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of post-traumatic thrombosis were elderly (OR = 4.099, 95% CI 1.576-10.663, P <0.05), malignant tumors in vivo (OR = 2.475, 95% (OR = 2.041, 95% CI 1.011-8.963, P <0.05), fever (P <0.05), the incidence of venous thrombosis (P0.05) OR = 1.351, 95% CI 1.012-4.462, P <0.05). However, a small amount of alcohol consumption (OR = 0.471, 95% CI 0.242-0.941, P <0.05) did not increase the risk of DVT. Conclusion The elderly, the malignant tumor in vivo, the history of venous thrombosis and fever are the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis. According to the different risk factors, the clinical monitoring should be strengthened to reduce the formation of deep vein thrombosis.