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电力工业所固有的特征使得电力市场更接近于寡头垄断市场。在这样的市场中,除了存在 静态的市场势力问题以外,还可能存在动态的勾结问题。这些问题都会对电力市场的竞争性产生 负面影响,降低其运营效率。就电力市场中的市场势力问题国内外提出一些识别方法和抑制措施, 而对于电力市场中的勾结问题,研究工作则刚刚开始。由于勾结可以采取多种不同的形式,难以判 别,但勾结对市场运营的危害性比滥用市场势力更为严重,因而已成为一个受到广泛关注的重要而 难以解决的问题。文中主要针对电力市场中的勾结现象进行分析,解释了产生勾结的原因,分析了 影响勾结形成与维持的因素,如竞争者数量、市场进入壁垒、市场结算模式、需求侧因素的影响等, 同时讨论了识别勾结现象的方法。最后对防止勾结现象的产生给出了一些建议。
The inherent characteristics of the power industry make the electricity market closer to oligopolistic markets. In such a market, in addition to the static market forces, there may be dynamic collusion issues. These issues all have a negative impact on the competitiveness of the electricity market, reducing their operational efficiency. Some identification methods and suppression measures are put forward at home and abroad concerning the market forces in the power market, and the research work has just begun for the collusion in the electricity market. Collusion can take many different forms and is difficult to distinguish. Collusion, on the other hand, is more harmful to market operations than abusing market power and has become an important and unresolved issue that has drawn widespread attention. The article mainly analyzes the collusion phenomenon in the electricity market, explains the causes of the collusion, analyzes the factors that influence the formation and maintenance of the collusion, such as the number of competitors, barriers to market entry, market settlement mode, the influence of demand side factors and the like Discussed the method of identifying collusion. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to prevent collusion phenomenon.