英国现代生物化学家、汉学家和科学史专家李约瑟曾说,中国在公元3世纪到13世纪之间保持着一个西方所望尘莫及的科学知识水平,中国的发明和发现“往往远远超过同时代的欧洲,特别是15世纪之前更是如此”。唐中期到两宋,是这一时期的一个高峰,被马克思称为“预告资产阶级社会到来”的三大发明—印刷术、火药和罗盘针,就出现在这一时期,并迅速转化为商品,带动了社会文化经济的全面腾飞。支持发展科技的措施在古代中国,官府不仅在政治、军事、经济、文化等方面居于主导,在科技 Needham, a modern British biochemist, sinologist and historian of science, once said that China maintained a level of scientific knowledge beyond the reach of the West between the 3rd and the 13th centuries. The inventions and discoveries in China often far outnumber the contemporary ones Europe, especially before the 15th century. “ The mid-Tang period and the two Song dynasties were the peaks of this period. The three great inventions that Marx called the ”advent of bourgeois society" - printing, gunpowder, and compass needle - emerged during this period and were rapidly transformed For goods, led the social and cultural economy to take off. Measures to Support the Development of Science and Technology In ancient China, the government not only dominates in politics, military affairs, economy and culture, but also in science and technology