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目的：探讨金双歧辅助治疗小儿扁桃体炎的临床疗效和护理随访方法。方法选取2013年1月~2014年7月在本院儿科住院诊断为扁桃体炎患儿300例，按入院先后顺序，用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，对照组常规给予抗生素(包括抗病毒药)和(或)对症治疗；观察组在常规给予抗生素(包括抗病毒药)和(或)对症治疗的基础上，给予金双歧口服辅助治疗，出院后继续服用4w；两组患儿出院后1月、2月、3月均进行电话随访、就诊随访、家庭访视、集中访视等方式进行观察，比较两组患儿住院期间抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)发生情况和临床疗效，以及出院后发生上呼吸道感染和肠道感染的差异。结果观察组抗生素相关性腹泻发生率低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(<0.01)；观察组临床疗效和出院后上呼吸道感染以及肠道感染的发生率低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(<0.05)。结论金双歧辅助治疗小儿扁桃体炎可降低抗生素相关腹泻的发生率，提高临床疗效，提高机体免疫力，降低呼吸道和肠道感染的发生率，护理随访为观察患儿出院后健康状态，进行收集资料以及健康指导的重要手段。“,”Objective To investigate the clinical ef icacy and nursing method of Golden Bifid on tonsil itis in children. Methods Select 300 cases of the children diagnosed of tonsil itis from January 2013~July 2014 in our hospital,randomly divided into control and experimental groups.The control group treated with conventional antibiotics(including antiviral drugs),and(or)symptomatic treatment;on the basis of the treatment for the control group,the experimental group was given Golden Bifid as an adjuvant therapy,continue to take four weeks after discharge.Two groups of children were fol owed-up to realize the occur ene and clinical ef icacy of antibiotic-associated diar hea(AAD)during the two groups of children in hospital and compare the dif erences of the incidence of respiratory infections and intestinal infections after discharge.Results The incidence of antibiotic-associated diar hea was lower than the control group,the dif erence was statistical y significant ( <0.01);the clinical ef icacy and incidence of upper respiratory infections and intestinal infection rate of the experimental group was lower than the control group,the dif erence statistical y significant ( <0.05).Conclusion Golden Bifid as an adjuvant therapy of children with tonsil itis may reduce the incidence of antibiotic-associated diar hea,improve the clinical ef icacy.