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研究粘土矿物表面组成与表面结构的手段和方法多种多样，但由于粘土矿物特殊的晶体结构，这些手段和方法都有一定的局限性和不足。原子力显微镜是近年来发展起来的一种能达到原子分辨能力的表面结构分析仪器，能够分辨粘土矿物硅氧四面体片上的六方环结构及八面体片的羟基团，是研究粘土矿物表面反应、表面改性及表面溶蚀作用的重要手段。
There are many methods and methods to study the surface composition and surface structure of clay minerals. However, due to the special crystal structure of clay minerals, these methods and methods have some limitations and deficiencies. Atomic force microscope is developed in recent years to achieve an atomic resolution of the surface structure of analytical instruments, to be able to distinguish the hexagonal ring structure of clay mineral silicon tetrahedron films and octahedral hydroxyl groups, is to study the surface reaction of clay minerals, the surface Modification and surface dissolution of the important means.