一、概述软弱地基,一般是指含水量及压缩性比较高、孔隙水比较大的地基,具有质地松软、压缩性高、强度低的特点。沿海地区分布面积广、厚度大、厚度也比较均匀,而山地型软土则分布面不大,但厚度变化悬殊。在软弱地基上建设重型结构或多、高层建筑,一般多采用桩基、箱基、板基。对其它一般建筑物都采用一些人工措施和方法,改变原来土层的物理、力学性质,以使其满足设计要求,浅层处理方法有机械压实、加载预压、换土垫层、褥垫等,深层处理有砂 I. Overview Soft foundations generally refer to foundations with relatively high water content and compressibility and relatively large pore water, and have the characteristics of soft texture, high compressibility, and low strength. The coastal area has a wide distribution area, a large thickness, and a relatively uniform thickness, while the mountainous soft soil has a small distribution, but the thickness varies widely. In the construction of heavy-duty structures or multi-storey high-rise buildings on weak foundations, pile foundations, box foundations and slab foundations are generally used. For other general buildings, some artificial measures and methods are adopted to change the physical and mechanical properties of the original soil layer so as to meet the design requirements. The shallow treatment methods include mechanical compaction, preloading, soil replacement, and cushions. Etc., deep processing with sand