苏联妇女在社会生产和社会生活中的作用是相当突出的,人数所占比重十分可观。苏联宪法第35条明确规定:妇女和男人同样享有受教育、职业训练、参加劳动、取得劳动报酬和在工作上得到提升以及参加社会政治和文化活动的机会。苏联的《劳动法基础》对妇女的劳动保护有具体而可行的条款。从就业结构上看,苏联妇女已全面走向社会,并且在脑力劳动者人数方面已超过了男性(每10位副博士以 The role of Soviet women in social production and social life is quite prominent, with a significant share of the population. Article 35 of the Soviet Constitution clearly stipulates that women and men also have equal access to education, vocational training, labor participation, remuneration and work-related promotion, and participation in socio-political and cultural activities. The Soviet Union’s “Labor Law Basis” has specific and feasible provisions on women’s labor protection. In terms of employment structure, Soviet women have become more socially oriented and have surpassed men in terms of the number of mental workers (every 10 Ph.D.