行为科学有一个著名的“保龄球效应”;保龄球场上的指导者评价打球人,一个人一球打过去,打倒了七个瓶子,剩下了三个。面对这样一个确定事实,有两类指导者。一类指导者板着脸孔指责说:“怎么搞的!还有三个没打倒!”另一类指导者则微笑着用期待的目光和肯定的语气说:“好!打倒了七个!”这时候,在被评价者心里大致产生了两种不同的反映:第一个指导者评价以后,被评价者心里不大痛快地想:“你怎么就没有看见我已经打倒了七个!”很是不服气。后一个指导者评价以后,被评价者内疚地想:“我怎么搞的,还有三个没打倒,下一次一定把它干掉!”这就告诉我们,在静态确定性评价与动态指向性评价相结合的思想政治工作中,应把鼓励和期望看得比批评更能达到评价的目的。 Behavioral science has a well-known “bowling effect”; the bowlers on the bowling alley evaluate the golfers, knocking one over the other, knocking down seven bottles and leaving three. In the face of such a confirmed fact, there are two types of mentors. A class of directors, with their faces on their faces, accused them of saying, “HOW DO YOU TRY! THREE DO NOT DOWN!” The other type of guide smiled and said in anticipation and in a positive tone: “Okay! Seven!” At the time, there were roughly two different reactions in the mind of the appraiser: After the first appraiser evaluated, the appraiser wondered, “How did you not see that I had already knocked down seven?” Yes Unconvinced. After the evaluation of a guide, the evaluators guilty thought: “how do I do, there are three did not down, the next one must kill it!” This tells us that in the static and dynamic evaluation of the point of sexual evaluation In the combined ideological and political work, encouragement and expectation should be seen more than evaluation to achieve the purpose of evaluation.