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为了减少渗漏,在水池或渠道中设置了一层土质衬砌,本文利用达西方程和非饱和理论来计算通过土质衬砌的水流。这个方法是利用下层材料的非饱和水力传导度〔注〕和压力水头之间的关系,而这是根据量测的饱和水力传导度以及含水量及压力水头之间的关系计算的。这个方法选择的衬砌(厚度和水力传导度)能够使渗漏量保持在某一最大限度以下。因为粘土的水力传导度受到阳离子结构和土壤溶液中的氯化钠浓度的影响,所以通过衬砌移动的液体的化学成份必须考虑。这也适用于其他有机化合物。根据渗流域内的渗透率和相应的含水量来计算水从蓄水的表面移动到下层地下水面所需的时间。
In order to reduce the seepage, a layer of soil lining is set in the pool or channel. In this paper, Darcy’s equation and unsaturated theory are used to calculate the water flow through the soil lining. This method uses the relationship between the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the lower material and the pressure head, which is calculated from the measured saturation hydraulic conductivity and the relationship between the water content and the pressure head. The lining (thickness and hydraulic conductivity) chosen for this method keeps the leakage below a certain maximum. Because the hydraulic conductivity of a clay is affected by the concentration of sodium chloride in the cationic structure and in the soil solution, the chemical composition of the liquid moving through the lining must be considered. This also applies to other organic compounds. The time required for water to move from the surface of the reservoir to the subsurface groundwater is calculated from the permeability and the corresponding moisture content in the seepage field.