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利用磁致伸缩空蚀试验机研究 QA19-4铝青铜在3.5%NaCl 溶液中的空蚀行为。并通过扫描电镜、能谱仪等分析测定材料空蚀表面形貌、成分、硬度和耐蚀性能的变化规律。试验结果表明:在3.5%NaCl 溶液中,空蚀的最大质量损失是蒸馏水中的1.5倍;溶液中加入固相颗粒后,空蚀的质量损失将进一步增大。在空蚀与腐蚀的交互作用中,纯空蚀的质量损失占总质量损失的64.2%,腐蚀因素的作用相对较小。铝青铜的空蚀首先发生在α/β相界处,接着是β相的脱铝腐蚀和剥落并产生大量的空蚀坑;之后是α相基体的脱铝腐蚀和剥落。在空蚀的作用下,铝青铜表面发生了加工硬化;随着空蚀过程的进行,加工硬化层变厚,但最大硬度值的位置向材料的深层移动。
Study on Cavitation Erosion of QA19-4 Aluminum Bronze in 3.5% NaCl Solution by Magnetostrictive Cavitation Tester. The change rules of the surface morphology, composition, hardness and corrosion resistance of cavitation of the material were analyzed by SEM, EDS and so on. The results show that the maximum mass loss of cavitation in 3.5% NaCl solution is 1.5 times that of distilled water, and the mass loss of cavitation will further increase after solid particles are added into the solution. In the interaction between cavitation erosion and erosion, the mass loss of pure cavitation accounts for 64.2% of the total mass loss, and the effect of corrosion factor is relatively small. Cavitation of aluminum bronze occurs first at the α / β phase boundary followed by dealumination and spalling of the β phase and a large amount of cavitation pits; followed by dealumination and exfoliation of the α phase matrix. Under the action of cavitation, work hardening occurs on the surface of aluminum bronze. As the cavitation erosion progresses, the work hardening layer becomes thicker, but the position of the maximum hardness moves to the deep layer of the material.