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目的:探讨不同负荷运动对大鼠心肌与血清中一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的影响及其作用机制。方法:36只雄性SD大鼠按体重随机分为对照组、适宜负荷组和过度负荷组,8周游泳训练后测定各组大鼠心肌与血清NO含量、cNOS和iNOS活性。结果:两训练组大鼠血清NO水平均较对照组显著上升(P<0.01),适宜负荷组显著高于过度负荷组(P<0.05);适宜负荷组心肌NO水平较对照组明显上升(P<0.01),过度负荷组无明显变化。与对照组和过度负荷组相比,适宜负荷组心肌与血清cNOS活性显著上升(P<0.01);与对照组和适宜负荷组相比,过度负荷组心肌与血清iNOS活性显著上升(P<0.01)。结论:(1)不同负荷游泳训练可提高大鼠心肌与血清NO含量;(2)适宜负荷游泳训练可提高大鼠心肌与血清cNOS活性,可能是适量运动训练改善心血管系统功能的生理机制之一;(3)长时间过度负荷游泳训练可导致大鼠心肌与血清iNOS活性升高,可能影响心血管系统功能,引起心血管内皮细胞损伤。
Objective: To investigate the effects of different exercise on the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in myocardium and serum of rats and its mechanism. Methods: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, appropriate load group and overloaded group. The levels of NO, cNOS and iNOS in myocardium and serum were determined after swimming for 8 weeks. Results: Compared with the control group, NO levels in the two training groups increased significantly (P <0.01), and those in the appropriate load group were significantly higher than those in the OVX group (P <0.05) <0.01), no significant changes in over-load group. Compared with the control group and the overloaded group, the activity of cNOS in myocardium and serum of the appropriate load group increased significantly (P <0.01), while the myocardial and serum iNOS activity increased significantly in the overloaded group compared with the control group and the appropriate load group (P <0.01) ). Conclusion: (1) Different load swimming training can improve myocardial NO and serum NO content in rats; (2) Suitable load swimming training can improve cNOS activity in myocardium and serum, which may be the physiological mechanism of moderate exercise training to improve cardiovascular system function One; (3) Long time overloaded swimming training can lead to myocardial iNOS activity in rats increased, may affect the cardiovascular system function, causing cardiovascular endothelial cell damage.