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黔中地区是岩溶作用发育的喀斯特区域。１９９３年秋和１９９４年春末采自该地区不同类型水样的水化学分析表明：碳酸盐岩裂隙泉水呈中偏碱性，为［Ｃ］Ｃａ－Ｉ型；秋季离子总量、ＨＣＯ－３及Ｃａ２＋浓度大于春季。裂隙泉水流经地表一定距离后，ＨＣＯ－３降低，ｐＨ及ＳＯ２－４、Ｃｌ－、Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋明显增高。黄果树的天星桥、水帘洞及落水潭三个部位河水的ＳＯ２－４、Ｎａ＋以及Ｆｅ３＋、ＮＯ－３等浓度的季节性变化也更加明显。春季因瀑布暴气，ＣＯ２的逸出，钙华生成更强烈一些。红枫湖作为喀斯特区域地表水的汇集地，ＨＣＯ－３与ＳＯ２－４的当量比值仅２．１～２．４；Ｃａ２＋与Ｍｇ２＋比值上升为２．４～４．２，Ｃｌ－浓度较碳酸盐岩裂隙泉水增高１倍；Ｎａ＋浓度增高一个数量级。说明流域内地表土层溶蚀及人为污染影响的增强。土层孔隙水属强矿化水，而湖水呈现过渡特征。碳酸盐沉淀作用、硫酸盐矿化作用及固氮氨化作用，导致水质组成的显著差异。
Central Guizhou is a karst area with karst development. The chemical analysis of water collected from different types of water samples in the area in the autumn of 1993 and the end of spring of 1994 showed that carbonate fractured spring water was of a moderately alkaline type [C] Ca-I; the total amount of autumn ions, HCO-3 and Ca2 + concentration is greater than spring. After the fissure spring water flowed through the surface a certain distance, HCO-3 decreased, pH and SO2-4, Cl-, K +, Na + increased obviously. The seasonal changes of SO2-4, Na +, Fe3 + and NO-3 concentrations in Huangguoshu’s Tianxingqiao, Shuilian-dong and Lost Shoal rivers were also more obvious. Spring falls due to waterfalls, CO2 escape, travertine formation more strongly. As the pool of surface water in Karst region, Hongfeng Lake has an equivalent ratio of HCO-3 to SO2-4 of only 2.1-2.4, a ratio of Ca2 + to Mg2 + of 2.4-4.2, and a Cl- concentration of more than that of carbon Acidite fractured spring water increased 1 time; Na + concentration increased an order of magnitude. Explain the surface soil erosion and man-made pollution in the basin increased. Soil pore water is a mineralized water, while the lake presents a transitional feature. Carbonate precipitation, sulphate mineralization, and ammoniacal ammoniation resulted in significant differences in water quality composition.